1820-1877

Chronological order

 * 2nd great Awakening (1820-1870) - Cooper
 * Jacksons Presidency (1829-1837) - Cooper
 * Trail of tears (1838) - Felicia
 * Mexican- American War (1846) - Hailey
 * California Gold Rush (1848) - Felicia
 * Compromise of 1850 - Cooper
 * Election of 1860 - Felicia
 * Civil War (1861-1865) - Jamie
 * Shermans March (1864) - Hailey
 * Dred Scott vs. Sandford (1857) - Jamie

**Civil War**[[image:jthgroup11/AAA.jpg width="353" height="210" align="right"]]

 * Battle of Fort Sumter
 * Battle of Bull Run
 * Battle of Antietam
 * Battle of Vicksburg
 * Battle of Gettysburg
 * Gettysburg Address
 * Emancipation Proclamation
 * Sherman's March
 * Burning of Atlanta
 * Lee surrending
 * Lincoln assassantion
 * Reconstruction

**Election of 1860-**

 * Held on November 6th 1860.
 * Included Abraham Lincoln, Stephen Douglass, and John Breckenridge.
 * Lincoln did very well in the northern states but received no votes in the southern states.
 * Lincoln won which cause the south to secede.




 * Jackson's Presidency (1829-1837)**
 * Jackson Campaign was based around his frontier and military background as a war hero
 * 3 times the number of voters participate in this election than the one previous
 * Saw himself as the Defender of the "Common Man" against the wealthy
 * Strict Constitutionalist
 * Vetoed more congressional bills than any other president before him combined
 * Had a "Kitchen Cabinet" which consisted of close political friends
 * **Known mainly for:**
 * Indian Removal Act
 * Trail of Tears
 * Worcester v. Georgia
 * Nullification Crisis

2nd Great Awakening 1820-1870

 * Early 19th century revival movement, dealt mainly with religion
 * **Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian Ministries**
 * Hell, fire, and brimstone
 * Traveling preachers mainly around the south and western frontier
 * **Mormons**
 * or Church of Latter Day Saints
 * Founded by Joseph Smith, moved from NY, to OH, to MI, and then finally to IL were Smith was murdered
 * Brigham Young took Smiths place and led the mormons to Utah were they settled peacfully
 * **Transcendentalism**
 * Questioned organized religion, materialism, and capitalism
 * Believed that artistic expression was more important than material wealth
 * **Well Known Transcendentalists:**
 * Henry Davis Thoreau
 * Ralph Waldo Emerson[[image:jthgroup11/2nd_GA.jpg width="269" height="226" align="right"]]
 * Other Religious Communities and Organizations
 * Brooks Farm
 * Shakers
 * Oneida Community
 * Also the 2nd great awakening brought out Abolitionists, Temperance and Women's Rights activists

**Dred Scott vs. Sandford**

 * Dred moved to the north with his master and lived there for a few years
 * Then moved back to the south.
 * Then tried to sue his master saying he was a free man because he lived in the north
 * The ruling was that slaves are property and that is a violation of property rights.

**Compromise of 1850**

 * Proposed by the "Great Compromiser" Henry Clay
 * Included:
 * California admission as a free state
 * Division of the remaining Mexican Secession Territory
 * Texas gave up it's disputed lands
 * Banning of the Slave Trade NOT Slavery in the Capitol
 * Adoption of stricter fugitive slave laws

**Mexican- American War-**

 * First major conflict driven by the idea of "Manifest Destiny"
 * Dispute over the borderline between texas and Mexico
 * President Polk sought a war to gain large amounts of land from Mexico
 * Guadeloupe Hidalgo treaty ended the war
 * United Stated aquired area known as California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah



**Sherman's March-**

 * William Tecumseh Sherman
 * Burnt many major cities in the south
 * Across Georgia and up through North and South Carolina
 * Captured the city of Atlanta

**Trail of Tears-**

 * The relocation of Native Americans from their homelands to Indian Territory.
 * Caused by Andrew Jackson’s Indian Removal Act of 1830.
 * Many suffered from disease and starvation.
 * Many Native Americans died. 4000 out of 15000.

**California Gold Rush-**

 * Began January 24th 1848 when gold was discovered at Sutter’s mill.
 * 300,000 people went to California from all over.
 * The people who came to California looking for gold were called “forty-niners”.
 * People came from America, Latin America, Europe, Australia, and Asia.
 * Led to great wealth for few people but most of them came home with only a little more than they started with.

**Lincoln-F**

 * He was elected in 1860.
 * The south seceded when he was elected.
 * He wanted to preserve the union over ending slavery.
 * He wrote the Gettysburg Address.
 * Issued the Emanipation Proclomation.
 * Was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth on April 14th 1865.

**Andrew Jackson-**



 * He enforced the Indian Removal Act.
 * Was a military man during the War of 1812.
 * Established the tariff of 1828 and the tariff of 1832.
 * Tariff of 1832 led to the Nullification Crisis which is South Carolina opposition to the tariffs of 1828 and 1832. They thought they could nullify any federal law and almost caused civil war. But South Carolina agreed to a fairer tariff.
 * In office during the Panic of 1819 which is four years of economic depression that was blamed on the second bank of the U.S.
 * Wanted to destroy the National Bank.
 * By April 1834 the Bank was dead and the financial panic passed quickly.

**Robert E. Lee-H**

 * Confederate General
 * Attended West Point Military Academy and graduated 2nd in his class
 * Military tactic: doesnt matter if you lose a battle, just dont get caught
 * surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox courthouse on April 9, 1865

**Ulysses S Grant-H**

 * Union General
 * Military tactic: total war- takedown anything or anyone that might aid the enemy
 * Cornered Lee at appomattox Courthouse



**Harriet Tubman**

 * Escapes slave
 * a "conductor" on the underground railroad
 * during 10 year span she made 19 trips doown south and helped to escort 300 runaway slaves to freedom
 * rescued her sibling and 70 yearold parents
 * $40,000 reward set out for her capture by 1856

**John Wilkes Booth**

 * American actor
 * Southerner supporter
 * Killed Lincoln at Ford's Theater
 * Broke his leg after jumping off the balcony
 * Was on the run
 * "Caught him"
 * Had a group of followers

**Frederick Douglas**

 * American social reformer, escaped slave, writer, influential speaker, and abolitionist
 * Raised as a slave, and taught to read by the slave owners wife
 * Escaped later and began his work as an Abolitionist
 * Was present at the Seneca Falls Convention

**John Brown**

 * Abolitionist
 * Linked to 2 major uprisings:
 * Harpers Ferry
 * Bleeding Kansas
 * Believed he could raise an army of fugitive slave and over run the south
 * his main hop believe it or not was to limit and minimize bloodshed
 * his expedition was cut short when he was knocked out by his opponent

**William Sherman**

 * Union General
 * Burned Atlanta to the ground
 * Free Mason

**Jefferson Davis**

 * Confederate President
 * Couldn't find a strategy to beat the north
 * Was captured and charged with treason in 1865 but never tried
 * Resigned from the Senate in Janurary 1861


 * Hailey- Harriet Tubman, Robert E lee, Ulysses S Grant**
 * Cooper-**
 * Felicia- Andrew Jackson, Abraham Lincoln**
 * Jamie-**